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Borderline personality disorder

Perturbatio personalitatis emotionaliter instabilis (typus limitrophus) · Hraniční porucha osobnosti

What it is

Intense, fast-changing emotions, fear of abandonment and stormy relationships, often after childhood trauma; far more treatable than its reputation.

Symptoms & signs

  • Rapid mood swings
  • fear of abandonment
  • unstable relationships
  • impulsive, risky behaviour
  • self-harm and suicidal thoughts
  • chronic emptiness

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Thoughts of suicide with a plan, or after self-harm
  • call 112 / 911 now An overdose or a deep or heavily bleeding wound
  • see a doctor soon Self-harm that is getting more frequent or severe
  • see a doctor soon Hearing voices or losing touch with reality

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Psychotherapy: dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT), mentalisation-based therapy
  • crisis planning
  • treat depression, trauma and addiction
  • medicines only for specific symptoms

Natural & lifestyle

  • Regular sleep and exercise
  • avoid alcohol and drugs
  • peer support

Emerging & experimental

  • Brain stimulation (TMS)
  • oxytocin studies

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Omega-3 — small trials reduce impulsivity early / small studies
  • Mindfulness — a core of DBT; supported within it early / small studies
  • Cannabis — worsens mood swings in studies not confirmed in trials

ICD codes