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Endometrial polyps and hyperplasia

Polypus et hyperplasia endometrii · Polypy a hyperplazie endometria

female only

What it is

Overgrowth of the womb lining, driven by oestrogen without enough progesterone — obesity, absent ovulation, tamoxifen; polyps are mostly benign, but atypical hyperplasia already hides or becomes cancer in roughly a quarter to a third.

Symptoms & signs

  • Bleeding between periods
  • heavy periods
  • bleeding after the menopause
  • infertility (polyps)
  • often none

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Heavy bleeding soaking a pad an hour, with dizziness
  • see a doctor soon Any bleeding after the menopause
  • see a doctor soon Bleeding between periods or after sex
  • see a doctor soon Periods much heavier or longer than usual

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Transvaginal ultrasound, biopsy, hysteroscopy
  • hysteroscopic removal of polyps
  • Levonorgestrel IUD for hyperplasia without atypia — regresses more often than oral progestogens trials support
  • hysterectomy for atypical hyperplasia
  • progestogens when fertility is wanted

Natural & lifestyle

  • Weight loss
  • treat absent ovulation (PCOS)

Emerging & experimental

  • Metformin
  • bariatric surgery reversing hyperplasia

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Chasteberry (vitex) — untested here anecdotal / traditional
  • Wild yam 'progesterone' creams — the body cannot convert them; no protection not confirmed in trials

ICD codes