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Heavy & painful periods

Menorrhagia et dysmenorrhoea · Silná a bolestivá menstruace

female only

What it is

Menorrhagia and dysmenorrhoea — common, treatable and frequently ignored.

Symptoms & signs

  • Flooding or clots
  • periods over 7 days
  • cramping pain
  • fatigue from anaemia
  • missed work or school

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Bleeding soaking a pad or tampon every hour with dizziness or fainting
  • call 112 / 911 now Severe one-sided pain with a missed period or positive test
  • see a doctor soon Bleeding between periods, after sex or after menopause
  • see a doctor soon Period pain getting worse or pain with fever and discharge

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Hormonal IUD (first-line)
  • tranexamic acid
  • NSAIDs
  • combined pill
  • endometrial ablation
  • investigate fibroids and adenomyosis
  • oral GnRH antagonist combinations (elagolix, relugolix) — approved for heavy bleeding from fibroids

Natural & lifestyle

  • Iron repletion
  • heat pads (matched ibuprofen for cramps in a small trial)
  • exercise
  • magnesium
  • omega-3
  • ginger

Emerging & experimental

  • Precision endometrial diagnostics

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Acupuncture — trials show modest relief of cramps mixed evidence
  • Chasteberry (Vitex) — trials help premenstrual symptoms mixed evidence
  • Fennel — small trials comparable to painkillers early / small studies

ICD codes