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Neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma · Neuroblastom

What it is

A childhood cancer of immature nerve cells, usually in an adrenal gland; in babies it can vanish on its own, in older children it is aggressive.

Symptoms & signs

  • Swollen belly or a lump
  • bone pain and limping
  • bruised, bulging eyes
  • tiredness and fever
  • weakness from pressure on the spinal cord

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Sudden weakness of the legs or loss of bladder or bowel control
  • call 112 / 911 now Rapid breathing with a swelling belly in a baby
  • see a doctor soon Lump in the belly or neck in a child
  • see a doctor soon Bone pain, limping, bruising around the eyes or fever that won't settle

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Urine catecholamines, MIBG scan and biopsy
  • observation in low-risk infants
  • surgery
  • chemotherapy, stem-cell transplant, radiotherapy
  • anti-GD2 antibody (dinutuximab) and retinoic acid
  • DFMO (eflornithine, Iwilfin) maintenance after high-risk therapy — FDA-approved 2023

Natural & lifestyle

  • Nutrition and family support during treatment

Emerging & experimental

  • MIBG radiotherapy
  • ALK inhibitors

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • High-dose vitamin C — lab studies; untested in children anecdotal / traditional
  • Curcumin — lab studies early / small studies
  • Cannabis oil — anecdotal anecdotal / traditional

ICD codes