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Neuroendocrine tumours (carcinoid)

Tumor neuroendocrinus (carcinoidum) · Neuroendokrinní nádory (karcinoid)

What it is

Slow-growing tumours of hormone-making cells, mostly in the small bowel, pancreas and lungs; some cause flushing and diarrhoea from the hormones they release.

Symptoms & signs

  • Flushing of the face
  • diarrhoea
  • wheezing
  • abdominal pain or blockage
  • often nothing for years

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Severe flushing with wheezing, fainting or a racing heart
  • call 112 / 911 now Cramping belly pain with vomiting and no wind passing
  • see a doctor soon Watery diarrhoea and face flushing for weeks
  • see a doctor soon Breathless or swollen ankles with flushing

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Chromogranin, urine 5-HIAA and gallium PET
  • surgery
  • somatostatin analogues (octreotide, lanreotide)
  • PRRT (lutetium-177 dotatate)
  • everolimus or sunitinib
  • cabozantinib after earlier treatment — FDA-approved 2025 (CABINET trial)

Natural & lifestyle

  • Avoid alcohol and spicy food that trigger flushing
  • niacin-rich diet (carcinoid uses up tryptophan)

Emerging & experimental

  • New radioligands

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Niacin supplements — replace what carcinoid syndrome uses up early / small studies
  • Herbal flushing remedies — anecdotal anecdotal / traditional
  • Curcumin — lab studies early / small studies

ICD codes