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Ovarian cysts

Cystis ovarii · Cysty vaječníku

female only

What it is

Fluid sacs on the ovary — mostly harmless follicles that vanish within a few cycles; some twist, burst or are tumours.

Symptoms & signs

  • Often none
  • dull pelvic ache on one side
  • bloating
  • pain during sex
  • sudden severe pain with vomiting (twisting or rupture)

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Sudden severe pain low in the belly, with vomiting or fainting
  • call 112 / 911 now Belly pain with fever and a fast pulse
  • see a doctor soon Bloating most days, feeling full fast or passing urine often
  • see a doctor soon A cyst after the menopause

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Ultrasound, repeated in 6–12 weeks
  • CA-125 after menopause
  • laparoscopic cystectomy for large, persistent or suspicious cysts
  • emergency surgery for torsion

Natural & lifestyle

  • Pain relief and heat
  • track symptoms against the cycle
  • keep the follow-up scans

Emerging & experimental

  • AI scoring of ultrasound (IOTA, O-RADS)
  • refined fertility-sparing surgery

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • The combined pill to shrink existing cysts — tested (Cochrane): they go no faster not confirmed in trials
  • Castor oil packs — traditional naturopathy; untested anecdotal / traditional
  • Wild yam and 'natural progesterone' creams — no hormone the body can use; untested anecdotal / traditional

ICD codes