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Retinal vein occlusion

Occlusio venae centralis retinae · Uzávěr sítnicové žíly

What it is

A clot in a retinal vein makes the retina bleed and swell — a stroke of the eye, driven by high blood pressure and glaucoma.

Symptoms & signs

  • Sudden painless blurred vision in one eye
  • a dark or blurred patch
  • distortion of straight lines
  • often worse on waking

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Sudden blurring or loss of vision in one eye
  • call 112 / 911 now Face droop, arm weakness or slurred speech
  • see a doctor soon Red, painful eye with worse vision — raised eye pressure
  • see a doctor soon New floaters or a shadow over vision

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Eye examination and OCT scan
  • anti-VEGF injections (aflibercept, ranibizumab) for swelling
  • steroid implants
  • laser for new vessels
  • treat blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes and glaucoma
  • faricimab (Vabysmo) — approved for retinal vein occlusion (FDA 2023, EMA 2024)

Natural & lifestyle

  • No smoking
  • exercise and weight control
  • keep blood pressure under control

Emerging & experimental

  • Gene therapy for sustained VEGF block

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Omega-3 and Mediterranean diet — support vessel health; untested here anecdotal / traditional
  • Ginkgo biloba for retinal circulation — anecdotal; adds to bleeding risk anecdotal / traditional
  • Aspirin — sometimes given; no trial benefit for the eye early / small studies

ICD codes