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Trigeminal neuralgia

Neuralgia nervi trigemini · Neuralgie trojklaného nervu

What it is

Lightning facial pain, usually from a vessel pressing the nerve root.

Symptoms & signs

  • Electric-shock pain in the cheek or jaw
  • triggered by chewing, wind, touch
  • seconds to two minutes

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Facial pain with weakness, double vision or trouble speaking
  • see a doctor soon Numbness of the face, not just pain
  • see a doctor soon Pain on both sides, or under 40 — rule out other causes
  • see a doctor soon Unable to eat or drink because of pain

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine
  • microvascular decompression
  • gamma knife
  • balloon rhizotomy

Natural & lifestyle

  • Avoid cold wind on the face
  • soft diet during attacks
  • stress reduction

Emerging & experimental

  • Focused ultrasound thalamotomy
  • Nav1.7 blockers

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Botulinum toxin injections — small trials reduce attacks mixed evidence
  • Low-dose naltrexone — case reports early / small studies
  • Vitamin B12 — small uncontrolled reports anecdotal / traditional

ICD codes