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Urticaria & angioedema

Urticaria et angiooedema · Kopřivka a angioedém

What it is

Mast cells dump histamine; wheals come and go within 24 hours.

Symptoms & signs

  • Itchy raised wheals
  • swelling of lips or eyelids
  • each spot lasts under a day
  • dermographism
  • throat swelling is an emergency

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Swelling of the lips, tongue or throat, or trouble breathing
  • call 112 / 911 now Hives with dizziness, fainting or vomiting
  • see a doctor soon Hives with fever and joint pain
  • see a doctor soon Single wheals lasting over 24 hours or leaving bruises

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Non-sedating antihistamines up to 4× standard dose
  • omalizumab for chronic cases
  • ciclosporin
  • adrenaline for airway involvement
  • remibrutinib (Rhapsido), an oral BTK inhibitor — FDA-approved 2025 for chronic spontaneous urticaria

Natural & lifestyle

  • Identify triggers (NSAIDs, heat, pressure)
  • cool showers
  • loose clothing
  • low-histamine diet trial
  • stress management

Emerging & experimental

  • Anti-KIT antibodies (barzolvolimab)

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Low-pseudoallergen diet — helps a minority in trials mixed evidence
  • High-dose vitamin D — small trials reduce symptoms early / small studies
  • Quercetin — laboratory mast-cell data; small studies early / small studies

ICD codes