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Body dysmorphic disorder

Perturbatio dysmorphophobica corporis · Tělesná dysmorfická porucha

What it is

Preoccupation with flaws in appearance that others barely notice — skin, nose, hair, muscles — with hours of checking, hiding and seeking cosmetic procedures; about 2 in 100 people, high suicide risk.

Symptoms & signs

  • Hours a day thinking about a 'defect'
  • mirror checking or avoiding mirrors
  • camouflage, skin picking
  • comparing, seeking reassurance
  • repeated cosmetic surgery that does not satisfy
  • avoiding people

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Thoughts of suicide or self-harm
  • call 112 / 911 now Trying to change your body yourself, like cutting
  • see a doctor soon Hours a day spent checking or hiding looks
  • see a doctor soon Avoiding school, work or leaving home

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • CBT with exposure and response prevention trials support
  • SSRIs, often at high doses trials support
  • screen before cosmetic procedures — surgery rarely helps and often worsens distress
  • assess suicide risk

Natural & lifestyle

  • Less time on image-focused social media
  • support groups

Emerging & experimental

  • Internet-delivered CBT
  • visual processing studies

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • More cosmetic procedures — distress rarely eases; complaints and repeat requests common not confirmed in trials
  • Mindfulness — small studies mixed evidence

ICD codes