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Spinal cord injury

Laesio medullae spinalis · Poranění míchy

What it is

Cord damage cuts signal below the level — permanent in most cases.

Symptoms & signs

  • Paralysis below the level
  • sensory loss
  • bladder and bowel loss
  • autonomic dysreflexia
  • spasticity

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now After a fall or crash: neck or back pain with numbness or weakness — do not move them
  • call 112 / 911 now Pounding headache, flushing and sweating above the injury — autonomic dysreflexia
  • call 112 / 911 now Trouble breathing
  • see a doctor soon Red or broken skin over the bottom or heels

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Early surgical decompression and stabilisation
  • blood-pressure support
  • rehabilitation
  • baclofen pump
  • catheter programme

Natural & lifestyle

  • Pressure-sore prevention
  • bowel programme
  • adaptive exercise
  • weight management

Emerging & experimental

  • Epidural stimulation restoring stepping
  • brain-spine interface (digital bridge)
  • stem-cell grafts
  • nerve transfers for hand function

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Cannabis for spasticity and pain — trials show modest benefit mixed evidence
  • Acupuncture — small trials of function early / small studies
  • Stem-cell tourism — unproven and risky anecdotal / traditional

ICD codes