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Testicular torsion

Torsio testis · Torze varlete

male only

What it is

The testis twists on its cord and loses blood supply — six hours to save it.

Symptoms & signs

  • Sudden severe testicular pain
  • swelling
  • nausea
  • high-riding testis
  • absent cremasteric reflex

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Sudden severe pain in a testicle, even if it eases
  • call 112 / 911 now Testicle pain with vomiting or a high-lying testicle
  • call 112 / 911 now Sudden pain in the groin or lower belly in a boy
  • see a doctor soon Repeated short bouts of testicle pain that settle

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Emergency surgical exploration and fixation of both sides
  • manual detorsion as a stopgap

Natural & lifestyle

  • None — straight to hospital, no waiting

Emerging & experimental

  • Ultrasound-first pathways
  • scoring systems (TWIST)

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Waiting to see if the pain settles — costs the testis within hours anecdotal / traditional
  • Ice packs and painkillers at home — no substitute for surgery anecdotal / traditional

ICD codes