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Tinnitus

Tinnitus aurium · Tinnitus (ušní šelest)

What it is

Phantom sound generated by the brain after hearing input is lost.

Symptoms & signs

  • Ringing, buzzing or hissing
  • worse in quiet
  • sleep disturbance
  • distress and concentration problems

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Thoughts of ending your life because of the noise
  • see a doctor soon A pulsing sound in time with your heartbeat
  • see a doctor soon Ringing in one ear only, with hearing loss
  • see a doctor soon Ringing with sudden hearing loss, dizziness or face weakness

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Hearing aids where there is hearing loss
  • sound therapy
  • tinnitus-focused CBT (best evidence)
  • treat anxiety and insomnia
  • no proven drug cure
  • bimodal tongue-and-sound stimulation (Lenire) — FDA-authorised 2023; its trials had no sham control

Natural & lifestyle

  • Sound enrichment at night
  • stress and sleep management
  • reduce caffeine if it worsens it
  • mindfulness
  • hearing protection

Emerging & experimental

  • Neuromodulation
  • notched-music therapy

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Acupuncture — trials disagree mixed evidence
  • Melatonin — small trials, better sleep with tinnitus early / small studies
  • Ginkgo biloba — trials found no benefit not confirmed in trials
  • Zinc — trials found no benefit in people who are not deficient not confirmed in trials

ICD codes