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Shoulder dislocation

Luxatio humeri · Vykloubení ramene

What it is

The ball of the arm bone pops out of its shallow socket — the commonest major dislocation, usually forwards, and prone to recur in the young.

Symptoms & signs

  • Sudden severe pain after a fall or a twist
  • squared-off shoulder
  • arm held away from the body and turned out
  • numb patch over the deltoid (axillary nerve)
  • cannot move the arm

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Numb, cold or pale arm or hand
  • call 112 / 911 now Shoulder out of shape after a fall with severe pain
  • see a doctor soon Numb patch on the outer upper arm
  • see a doctor soon Shoulder that keeps slipping out

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • X-ray before and after
  • reduction under sedation
  • sling for 1–3 weeks
  • physiotherapy to strengthen the rotator cuff
  • stabilisation surgery (Bankart, Latarjet) if it recurs

Natural & lifestyle

  • Rotator cuff and shoulder-blade exercises
  • avoid the at-risk position (arm up and out) early on

Emerging & experimental

  • Arthroscopic remplissage
  • bracing in external rotation

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Self-reduction techniques taught to repeat dislocators — case reports; get care the first time anecdotal / traditional
  • Arnica for bruising — untested anecdotal / traditional
  • Kinesiology tape — little evidence anecdotal / traditional

ICD codes