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Food poisoning

Intoxicatio alimentaria · Otrava jídlem

What it is

Bacteria or their toxins in food — salmonella, campylobacter, listeria, staph toxin.

Symptoms & signs

  • Vomiting and diarrhoea within hours to days
  • cramps
  • fever
  • blood in stool with invasive organisms
  • dehydration

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Signs of dehydration — no urine for 12 hours, dizzy, confused
  • call 112 / 911 now Blood in vomit, or diarrhoea with much blood
  • call 112 / 911 now Blurred or double vision, drooping eyelids or weakness
  • see a doctor soon Diarrhoea over 7 days, or fever over 38.5 °C

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Rehydration
  • antibiotics only for specific organisms or severe illness
  • report notifiable cases
  • avoid anti-motility drugs if bloody

Natural & lifestyle

  • Cook and chill properly
  • separate raw and cooked
  • hand hygiene
  • avoid unpasteurised dairy in pregnancy

Emerging & experimental

  • Rapid multiplex PCR panels
  • phage-based food safety

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Probiotics — trials disagree mixed evidence
  • Ginger for nausea — small trials early / small studies
  • Activated-charcoal tablets at home — little effect on infections anecdotal / traditional

ICD codes