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Shock (circulatory failure)

Status circulatorius deficiens (shock) · Šok (selhání oběhu)

What it is

Circulation can no longer deliver oxygen to tissues — septic, cardiogenic, hypovolaemic or anaphylactic.

Symptoms & signs

  • Low blood pressure
  • cold clammy or hot flushed skin
  • confusion
  • low urine output
  • fast weak pulse

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Cold, pale, clammy or mottled skin with fast breathing
  • call 112 / 911 now Confusion, drowsiness or fainting
  • call 112 / 911 now Little or no urine with a racing heart
  • call 112 / 911 now Swollen face or throat and wheeze after a sting, food or drug

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Treat the cause
  • IV fluids
  • vasopressors (noradrenaline)
  • antibiotics for sepsis
  • adrenaline for anaphylaxis
  • ICU support
  • Angiotensin II (Giapreza) for vasodilatory shock — approved (FDA 2017, EMA 2019)

Natural & lifestyle

  • Prevention: early sepsis recognition, allergy avoidance, adrenaline auto-injector

Emerging & experimental

  • Vitamin C/thiamine bundles — large trials found no benefit not confirmed in trials
  • extracorporeal cytokine removal

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Vitamin C, thiamine and hydrocortisone in sepsis (Marik protocol) — early reports were striking; large trials (VITAMINS, VICTAS, LOVIT) found no survival benefit, LOVIT slightly worse outcomes not confirmed in trials
  • Salt and liquorice for chronic low pressure — folk remedy; not for shock anecdotal / traditional

ICD codes