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Sinusitis

Sinusitis paranasalis · Zánět vedlejších nosních dutin (sinusitida)

What it is

Blocked, infected sinuses — usually viral, occasionally bacterial.

Symptoms & signs

  • Facial pressure
  • blocked nose
  • thick discharge
  • reduced smell
  • toothache
  • fever

🚩 Get help if…

  • call 112 / 911 now Swelling or redness around the eye, double vision or eye pain
  • call 112 / 911 now Severe headache, stiff neck or confusion
  • see a doctor soon Symptoms over 10 days, or better then worse again
  • see a doctor soon Fever over 39 °C with severe facial pain

Where it strikes

Medical treatment

  • Saline irrigation trials support
  • Intranasal steroids — small average benefit mixed evidence
  • Antibiotics — about 1 extra cure per 19 treated and side effects in 1 per 8 (Cochrane); most cases are viral and settle alone mixed evidence
  • Endoscopic surgery for chronic disease that fails medical treatment mixed evidence
  • Dupilumab for chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps — approved 2019 (FDA, EMA) trials support
  • Steroid-eluting sinus stents (Propel) — FDA-approved

Natural & lifestyle

  • Steam inhalation
  • nasal irrigation with sterile saline
  • hydration
  • humidified air

Emerging & experimental

  • Balloon sinuplasty

Alternative, off-label & anecdotal

Approaches used outside the guidelines, with what their supporters report and what testing has found so far.

  • Herbal combinations such as Sinupret and pelargonium — some trials show faster recovery from acute sinusitis mixed evidence
  • Xylitol nasal rinses — a small trial improved symptoms early / small studies
  • Manuka honey rinses — small trials, no clear benefit early / small studies

ICD codes