Left middle temporal gyrus

Looks like

The middle of three horizontal ridges on the side of the temporal lobe, above the ear.

What it does

Helps with word meaning, understanding language and seeing motion (area MT at its back end).

Keeping it well

Affected by stroke, tumour and temporal-lobe epilepsy; damage can make finding and understanding words harder.

Related conditions

• Acute liver failure
• ADHD
• African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)
• Alcohol withdrawal and delirium tremens
• Altitude sickness
• Alzheimer's disease
• Amyloidosis (AL and ATTR)
• Autism spectrum disorder
• Bipolar disorder
• Birth asphyxia (hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy)
• Body dysmorphic disorder
• Botulism
• Brain abscess
• Brain aneurysm
• Brain tumour (glioma & meningioma)
• Cerebral palsy
• Chickenpox (varicella)
• Chronic insomnia
• Chronic neuropathic pain
• Chronic pain syndrome
• Cluster headache
• Concussion (mild TBI)
• Congenital hypothyroidism
• Cryptococcal meningitis
• Delirium
• Dementia with Lewy bodies
• Down syndrome (trisomy 21)
• Drowning
• Dyslexia
• Eating disorders
• Encephalitis
• Epilepsy
• Essential tremor & dystonia
• Fainting (syncope)
• Febrile seizures
• Fibromyalgia
• Fragile X syndrome
• Frailty & falls in older age
• Frontotemporal dementia
• Functional (somatic) symptom disorder
• Generalised anxiety disorder
• Guillain-Barré syndrome
• Haemorrhagic stroke
• Heat exhaustion & heatstroke
• Hepatic encephalopathy
• Huntington's disease
• Hydrocephalus
• Hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar)
• Intellectual disability
• Ischaemic stroke
• Japanese encephalitis
• Lead poisoning
• Long COVID (post-viral syndrome)
• Lyme disease
• Major depressive disorder
• ME/chronic fatigue syndrome
• Measles
• Medication-overuse headache
• Meningitis
• Migraine
• Multiple sclerosis
• Myasthenia gravis
• Narcolepsy
• Neurocysticercosis
• Normal pressure hydrocephalus
• Parkinson's disease
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Phenylketonuria (PKU)
• Poisoning & overdose
• Post-traumatic stress disorder
• Postnatal depression
• Postpartum psychosis
• Rabies
• Restless legs syndrome
• Roseola (sixth disease)
• Schizophrenia
• Self-harm and suicidal crisis
• Shingles (herpes zoster)
• Subdural haematoma
• Substance use disorder
• Tension-type headache
• Tetanus
• Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
• Tick-borne encephalitis
• Tics and Tourette syndrome
• Toxoplasmosis & CMV
• Transient ischaemic attack
• Traumatic brain injury (moderate to severe)
• Tuberous sclerosis complex
• Vascular dementia
• Vitamin B1, C and other deficiencies