Anatom3DLeft apical bronchopulmonary segment
Segmentum apicale pulmonis sinistri · Levý apikální bronchopulmonální segment
Veins
Looks like
The topmost wedge of the upper lobe (S1), reaching up into the dome of the chest above the collarbone.
What it does
A self-contained lung unit with its own airway, artery and vein, doing gas exchange like any other segment.
Keeping it well
Tuberculosis and smoking-related emphysema favour the lung tops; a tumour here can press on arm nerves. Surgeons can remove one segment alone.
Its parts
Related conditions
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
- Altitude sickness
- Asbestosis and asbestos-related disease
- Aspergillosis
- Asthma
- Breathing pattern disorder
- Bronchiectasis
- Bronchiolitis & RSV
- Chronic venous insufficiency
- Clotting disorders (thrombophilia & APS)
- COPD
- COVID-19
- Cystic fibrosis
- Deep vein thrombosis
- Drowning
- Echinococcosis (hydatid disease)
- Endemic fungal infections (histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis)
- Hantavirus infection
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol
- Hypothermia & frostbite
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- Influenza
- Kawasaki disease
- Legionnaires' disease
- Leptospirosis (Weil's disease)
- Long COVID (post-viral syndrome)
- Lung abscess
- Lung cancer
- Measles
- Mesothelioma
- Metabolic syndrome
- Molar pregnancy and gestational trophoblastic disease
- Neonatal sepsis
- Neuroendocrine tumours (carcinoid)
- Orthostatic hypotension & POTS
- Peripheral artery disease
- Phaeochromocytoma & hyperaldosteronism
- Pleural effusion
- Pleurisy
- Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
- Pneumonia
- Pneumothorax
- Pre-eclampsia
- Pulmonary embolism
- Pulmonary hypertension
- Pulmonary oedema
- Raynaud's phenomenon
- Respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn
- Sarcoidosis
- Sepsis
- Shock (circulatory failure)
- SIADH (inappropriate antidiuretic hormone)
- Silicosis and coal workers' pneumoconiosis
- Sudden infant death syndrome
- Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)
- Tuberculosis
- Varicose veins
- Vasculitis (GCA & others)
- Whooping cough